《经济解释》-张五常-11

磬òм嶨гг壬οЩóеЩóò顣гáи飩мгг嶨ж飬üггзáгзмresidual侭нггзЩнòг壬ггггüйжΧнгЧá仯嶩Щ飬μ飬Уproxy京áггнггL. Walras轻ггвнòггЩодMiltonFriedman ЩЩfirm F. H. KnightR. H. CoasefirmСFirm 鱾theory of the firm ггеfirm 鱾гorganizationооThe Contractual Nature ofthe Firmfirm firm fermierмfarmerfarm outггмtax farming firm producerλд飨ζйγrisksйentrepreneurеresidual earningresidual claimantзвA. AAAAlchianH. Demsetzйγ綨ййй÷зΣд1991The Nature of the Firm1937ггмйгprice mechanismнЩй嶩иòгеtautologyζòг磬·ЬЬУЬгЬЬЬС粶ССвУūгЩγвммζгжмοоммòгСгProduction, Information Costs, andEconomic OrganizationжshirkmonitorжкжСбж棬嶩ù嶨УЩ鷳κβУproxyб飬кнгггСЬге乤гЬг棬Сге乤á衣嶩鷳ЬоССлггг÷г档Щжá嶨á綨вɡ綨н綨legal entityν綨йви綨綨Χ綨ùУ飩÷мɡииóЩ缪ɡɡаshopping centerб綨оккйгsub- contractегsub- sub- contractУУvertical integrationУhorizontal integrationСйгакнаСúе硣綨ùУκκЩггüú綨縴綨мекκб仯Щ仯Χ綨СЩ仯áСУλйзνвйв綨綨綨У綨綨綨κν綨綨綨綨綨棬в磬гйеУhierarchyO. Williamson壨opportunism·жеЩ繤ЩЩ綨ддд漣Щ±дм裡дддúáй漰Ρtheory of the stateοΣ硣ɡ2002A Theory of the State 飬д··д·ж·浽Σ·β·Ψййɡй濴ū濴аūСйУжвйУж岮ζжλ綨Уòи仯òλòейλ涨λйвūгмаЩι棬зΡееЭйиòвзΡξСйι÷ΣаΣιкòаιеɡīóйιιιйСйι塢ТιпīйййпУ÷гA. SmithйейййТТТ鼺Уй飬ааж飬й棬ЩЭо档ЩЩ治й鲻УйТfilial piety棬ζУТТ岻евЩ·йΡйижò籣legal entityincorporateн綨εùмЩüùмд糵free rideи岻мùЧ÷ɡУηСеУСгЩСгСЩегκεйδ繫棬веУɡУбУжж乫У佨ɡУУкУУв棬ЩСмɡ塣úмжк硣гòdemocracy оɡM.Friedmanfree to chooseвевввйг裬档棬棬Щ档棬Сеtyranny of the majorityЩЩΥ綨ΥΥνΥвУΣзЩεPareto conditionЩùüм綨вùбУ綨еУгв綨òβвD. BlackK. Arrowimpossibility theoremв綨òЩbenevolent dictatorййλòλúá棬λú徭мβпЩаа廨治tautology桪壬Щ硣quantity theory of moneyCoase theorem棨survival of the fittest治оЧЧЧУeconomy ofnatureЧ棻档оЧ治ЧìЩùкУR. DawkinsThe Selfish Gene, 1976漫Pareto conditionе漫·ɡ漫квáвйкüЩмòйзΣ÷ЩνС磬κУ棬òЧ棬κСгмжΣгЧклк塢мзвЭΥЭСáολ嶨дк档ùλЩоЩвúв·ввгεúСоPareto optimalityйзproperty lessг磬йλййдйдС档Сйг·й·й棬УеβййвЩйСйαüйЩейСййЩ·СмνιУйЩддевдйаresponsibility systemаСС鳤λжСааЩ鷳дЩаЩпйаЩ飬ан2002йУ棬вадаμйЩЦЦйκεнɡΨС飬дúейй·ейдú鱾лУвй·ɡййейУλλСУвйУзɡеú档棬мггмгм棬мáοЩɡоЧгйжСáУвеλггое鼮йλЩ衣мммУгй·в綨綨лп鰴βддɡзЧɡж÷鷳дппΡддɡдεдл壬У似īдп壡飬ЩУ磬дγλдλ飬СλζζЦй棬·УòУСб漫裩óпбСдлйоб漫е±áΡееγ鱾ò硣Сβ·Сò档ЩССá仯Сüлй顣дɡеС