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格式塔心理学原理全本(完整版)-3

作者:库尔特·考夫卡 字数:8557 更新:2023-10-08 20:39:53

漰еthe law of prag-nanz-Bahnsenйм666766У67У64Σак57У89У6941Э2-Σ3-УЩαθ-simplicity壬о--TΣ57еЩ仯вεεεУЧУΣЪΣ6667е6667пЩозγΣЩЩСγκпunityuniformityμp135飬TΡTΣΣе档γEgoУмЧθеΡ68еУβ档ζν棬γ1929pp185fЩйЧУпRothSchildFrankЧafter effectγЩУС仯Psychophysical fieldееУΣУjuxtapositionΣ湦СδκйεУκпεδо69ζеСγιСγιλеεΡзγνηκλΣСζλ塣д飬пЩ6364Σ63еΣ64Щеνγ顣-áκεùи谭谭20顣оЩоЩеδЩоЩоεЩελΧЩ棬-иоΧЩ壬дбrecaptorrods andconesбиоСбεоθо1Ρò飬θопЧWWFuchs19201922УλλlocalizationPseudofoveaδйλСλλá1922P158quasisemicircular shapeεquasi-circularС仯С1ЩúЩ166567Χóλ221УСССеù116ССУСб仯仯зУССиУ飬λ70еСüòλthe large unit2оεθонкεС棬Щеperimetric testsЩеССЩжβеееЩЩЩ屻ЩЩееУMR鶼漰ЩκhardnesssoftnessGelb1921顣368м5壨12峯Снε屻м濴ξ1020СΣСαСEgo潫еЩСеЩСЧЩе飬飬мУμBergerЩЩеóЩСüЩдЩ棬ú飨飩3Щ棬θоо佨ΧΡθобоgeneticеphylo-genesisúеóлκллκmorphological statusн1924йκΨУγΣиΣΣλпΣλλΣλξεεpressureproximal stimuliΣеóеfrequencyйùУе--Щbinocular parallaxд棬е÷Von HornbostelholesзΣγκ羰нЩУЩε壬κstimulus mosaicζùɡΣ飬зΥΣЩеóΣЩоì齫Σеκ齫ЧЩЧ崦λúλ仯仯йε顣ΣΨ裬ημ1922 СλλλλССУframeworksΣfigureground articulationиperceptual organizationЩ档жζЩЩСafter-image治Сgeographical distancephenomenal orbehavioural distance顣MrsFrankVolkmann1923УγСλ仯λСλó31optical illusion壬忴Сλλlocalizationλtheory of space perceptionHeringλУspace valuesheight and breadth val-ueκεС·Щ·ЩУdepth valueδζζΧ90Guilford and DallenbachζΧ1Щζauto-kineticmovementsвλλζЩζ磬ζλζЧ顣棬κλбλòλòκpp7780λλλλ棬бκЩбб棬вЩáббcodetermines12ξЩΣ飻ЩЩλйεб彫Ψ塣鹦Wertheimer1912澵бб澵л澵Сббе·Щкphenomenal direction档ЩЩЩ潫Щ档Чоspace sensationЧη漰енеб仯бmain lines of organizationmain directions of spaceЩλáк棬λ棬κнеγ湦γеСбббУУóμp214òнcoloured homogeneous fieldεκΣλУУУеλγСеоεκУйЩ÷佫бλ÷ебλλ飬ΨγλλáЩЩУЩУУ1932aLake Cayuga200бббзЩ忴б72йλебλrelative localizationλabsolute localizationγЩ濴беinvariantб轫73б漰Щstressлб漰еλáдλá仯б棬бλFEnaв FnEnFaEaκЩFaEaλνperpendicular toλGE1917ЩλежλVan HornbostelйЩδλλУ佫飺λЩλɡЩλλκ330=330001212ζλп FnEa-FaEa-FaEnУмΡFEνFEε壬бO壬FnOaFaOaFaOnбnormalityйActionУСrelative constancyСй顣ССССС2вεελαεαΧ45αλΡοΣλοеЩСУ顣Thouless顣档εбμ1934СЩЩóЩ衣übaбЩεεβлáεε磬λΣβεο磬ΣεУμЩе棬棬αΣеεУΣΣмλУгбС仯distant and proximal stimulustransformationζ顱phenomenal regressionСнΣmagni-tude綨УЩλOAB=rrλABABбCDP[pprojectionCDp74ЩббеaбEisslerKlimpfingerзapСrparar顣apκκ顣aСΧaparrpΧapΧлcaprparc1apcOгO1Сitoa100apr-pΧ0100cognitive valueСλЩСйУP22645жг1520177520жУ60ж403520Уprδλprδpгpжαa&rpa54510.517.7540602035У2010517752035νorientationб·pp217fм磬invariant of situationСе潫淢棬ССλζвСебЩУκκpp538 ffζ193app626fHoladayСλcuesЧ棬ЧsupraliminallyЧбС迼ео197в12УиУ磬йЩжtrace軹д齫СеЩСлγнveridicalnessεУλеùp540üоУ棬λλεa field of stressе棩еεЩлЩΧλееΨ仯Σμ75abεЩconverging linesиео裨ебеЩinternal forcesexternal forces漸оpp138ffмζЩòУвòββ磬εεεУ顱Phenomenal regression簬EisslerThoulessKlimpfingerΣвеκ裬е治ЩпhΣεεmh2mfh2mhΣ2ftransformationЧгdouble vectorial determinationkardosp170λAaap淽1931鶼棨p227super-constancyЩвκνЩ裬·δЧ1931aλsummative or integrative theoryrespouse theoryб1931ap26УηκУоЩ仯ЩЩмretinal disparityεΧζabcУaabЧbcabac÷projectinonKlimpfinger1933оHoladayСоοεεСпССp229ЩЩìp94-漰棬Сй档Сκ棬磬棬Χ綨пLanenstein1934ΧΧбΧнΧ濴KardosСΧС p119kohler忿СΨЩsurveyabilytyСmicropsiaСЩJaensch1909ηл塣HHFrankм1930СУ彻бΧС12нòЩ±СС±Сp136HeringЩЩ飬νбЩЩΣλξЩλСЩεС仯Щ迴ЧССΣ820090й75200Χ890200仯н90ε200δС2ζ8200壬С90ССЧsize effect200/90strainе90200壨8СЧ屻СЧ9020020089020036УС7.5òáСУСΧ836875Ч漰еСкоBeyrlСоp921929о1933оЩо仭οеС1929оBurzlaff飬Σ顣У壨СбЩЩ壬Щ壬塣С棬СУе壬漰С1С4Уе忴塣Щ4ЩеóκηδЧδγеp202У1933aPP619 fйЩδвλ飬Ув鹹档ЩССЩвЧЩЩЧ棬ееззеóH飨1928УбеСУκУСеЩоеСκо1911йMartius1889Сео鹦192memory colour19111930оGelbоУMacleod棬ЩнЩ棬СбУúЩеСЩ鲻ееЩи磬к翨棬еЩСreduction screen棬棬Сalbedo淴iILiLIp112L1L2潫i1i2κκL1L2I2I1iL1I1=L2I2еκλеa絫bСй±ео棬illuminationΣAusgepragtheit棬桰βСС档С壨ССЩСgradientΧ76еЧбЧСпЧɡ1920úhole methodЧ漴仯contrast theooryòp134УΧ60СаΧз160仯1932b19341930p674жЩС棬棨cone of lightνЩABCɡУЩ601λλ俴УеABCλABBC160裬 BCλ601CλλBC601BκδXappurtenanceXYXYXZXZ貢Wertheimer-BenaryЩЩCBABCBBC棬AλCAB160CAC13600СABACABA濴CBABCAοABC棬ABCABCCóBACCAABBCC濴治УУBCBAνΨЩ12еЧеЧ仯21S1S2ССI1I2S1S2I1I2ЩI1I2δλЩI1I2S1S2S1S2I1I2I1I2S1S2I1I2S1I1S1I1S2I2S2-I2S1S2I1I2I1I2ΣS1I1I2УI1I2Harrowerн飨1932顣I1I2óMullerедW±B77Sκd1d2d1d2иOBΧd1d2Χd1d2I1I2ЩS1S2I1I2I1I2±I1I2Чp222У鱾δнp248áЩ飨-d1d2УУв顱Χ1934κ壬顱ЩΧδЩδоp245еЩδ顣Щ鱧ЧУABCABBC160CBCB仯BBCBCBС601BCA601BCпAδBCù60ii30iiееC60i30i漴ABCABBC601ABеCABABCBCBBCС6018BCθδевееΧЩЩ1920p118Щ棬Щ磬P24977飬d1d2d1d2治1920p241е仯仯Уей飺d1d2d1d2Щd1d2d1d2d1d2d1d2d1d2d1d2d1d2d1Уd2d1d2Щδd1d1d1d2á裬d1-d2зλáC1C2йЩκεC1C2the principle of the shift of levelоУУЩp216constellation棬СУежλáthe Principle of the neutrallevel1932aspatial franeworkcolour frameworkcolour lerelνЩм裬d1d2d1d2d2d1ЩЩ档δζеd2d1d2d1d2d1±d2з塣濴濴潫áЧЧев仯仯selectivityЩ淴淴仯ζ仯Щmonochromatic illumination巴Ψе嶼--齫áЩ棬Щ澡Щ磬У1932app349f裬з顣ɡнΧЩЩμ1932ap340оеdouble representationp181漰Fuchs1923оtransparencyepiscotister methodλΡελΣTalbot lawμp127С°濴Ρ78áλΣλε档δζüвеspatial relief档УΡμP135档裬splittingybggbyybgν棬ЧGrace Heider裬á濴79ε沿κγ鲼棻лСεкúЩ裬棬档Щp181-Tudor-HartУеáеЩ1Σ2üü3p2776淢仯εεеЦp288ЩЩΣν2Уκζ 飻ССеnuderstanding of perceptionи棬Сorientationλlocalizationinterdependenceооúооlocal stimulationspatial organizationСЩλУinterconnectedness棨кУδоtri-dimensionalorganizationδáоνЩ蹤ооretinal disparityνthe problem ofthe combination of the dapth criteriaЩ綨Щ綨Щgeographical pointСλ桱nuclear planeЩо鵽ЩЧδолЩin the psychophysical fieidЩdynamicsЩLewinüSakuma1930Уλе綨綨Щcorrespondingейε綨κЭX11X1XrráβXrX1XrX1鷳Proximal stimulusЩ磬УЧ綨аб綨YrX1ζYrX1綨equality壬棬棬Щλв仯÷綨УЩЩμ80类F1FrP1PrPλFP1Pr綨P1PrPrP1λPrP1P1PrпЩЧЩЩдиκЩЧеЧУ仯мdepth reliefЧζкЭЭЩáгùoptical tractsЩееЩ顣УλΨΡУF1FrF1FrαP1prP'rP'1áp269 combination zoneνЩеstress裬ЩЩP1P'rF1FrΨЩòò棬пЩв衣м裬ЧHelmholtzоЧ飬δP1PrG1GrйеЩУP1PRG1GrδP1GrG1Prв193081棬внP1PrеGrеG1P1GrPr80еPλ档òδЩЩΣЩУЩЩáüp334Jaensch1911λШЩШШЧзline processУùùШЧЧδе崦УΨprecombination areaλУеЧУthe surrounding fieldУ衣й棬ЩСconstancyСp235Щù赯55λλ÷4λáɡ棬λкЧоЧSchrieverоH壨82棬УЩгκνHΣ82εLν仯壬壬ελbehavioural 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distributionáζУ漰λidentity濴зЩп鲼ЩЩ÷еfusedУЩHartmann1923aУФScholzбЩЩκ·вУУùССЩзЩЪκСinduced motionнκλλp224μ84·е壨κЩικЩзСapparent velocityΧνΧΧJFJFBrownо屾е仯壬屾С19281931Уdiaphragrn aperture棬αεγо仯ж顣λS155B7525Щ164BЩ082BСSСSУVS10BУVB7VS525VSVB19ζУε2忴С2Се2СЩЩУ任λphenomenal identity of velocity110VsVB1101931p126пвС漰ЩSBЩp2821931P223ЩЩЩЩвζμ85otot1aЪt1toOaЪt2t1仯OaObЪЩЧСЧУЧóOOЧ漰Ч仯·С費ЧУ1931bСиΧBrowns law of transpositionεЩСССЩУDe SilvaСЧεЧУ1931p223СЩ飨KorteоЩ漰κУtlAe1ЪPt2Bеt1t2ABVvABt2t1t2t1e1 PvABe1PsABtABte1Pvs/tst棬δsVststs仯t仯sttлsе漰еемУst仯ееsttsбtal100010t218332196256p2643tt14126v2v6v6v2625621832ls6s2=336v6v317s6/s32СЩp289vsvBSСBСFsFB2vsvB=138СЩУССЩfnfvnsvsvnsvsnСt1t2nst1st2nt1t2е仯仯stЩЩδЩɡthe zone lawЧtsСstΧΧЧ飬йЩЩоáp293Щflickerfusion phenomena1931b÷Metzgerм1926佨Korte rulesЩδвЩòЩ綨kinematicsУdsdts/tз綨綨vstvst裬1931aequal fieldsvbvdЩСдvdvbstdstbУtdСtbtdtbЩЩУ仯еЩЩУvbvdl23vbVd=Sb tbSdtdSbsdvbvdtdtb123й裬衣vSvBЩб裬УδУоСthe law of complete transposition of velocitiescomplete transposition of durationsеЩк侭Boring1933й档λp281áйЩ轫ЩδоfilledtimeunfilledtimeЩδоBenussi1913pp285fGelb1914Helsonkingоо棬棨p287Щ屻У壬彫巢йTernnsand Von SchillerУ÷1934С顣УaоbcУСacΨ86ABСλΡAУabCλBУУbaacaBУaЩa1c2a2b1пgestalt identitygestalt homologyp101нУAУaa1a2bc棬BУa1a2a1a2a1a2a2b1a2гa1a1a2гSyntopica1b1δ塣оУ87AB87AУdefλBУЩdefc1g2b1b2a1i2AУBУdefббλλad棬AУBdfЩAеλλκα仯BУA棬B棬η÷ог÷оУЩЩеЩЩ9090УееOO棩棻abcdabbcacbd迼пγadcdУO棬еκOOз÷зв90λλζ÷-еЩ÷оεp33÷10 362880035184372088832 12 X 1027÷10壬оGalliолУС治Уоsense modalities壬塣оζоóойоЩйоУЩи仯·ε仯ЧС壬仯СЩKantian apriorism漸поó漸漸оΧоΧнɡlaws of organization 漰behaviourеУ 塢仯ЩΧúúλйЩзжδйδйЩ飺ЩйЩЩ 鼮 Щ鼮ЩЦезЩ仯δμλ 緢 ЩЩеīенЩЩЩЩЩЩκС ·κν鼡·нκó order壨meaningóκγ Щ仯 Xδκ·ЩdualismspluralismsЩеδЩvitalism壬еУΣɡоfield of behaviour л仯 Humphreyp41л乹зcon-servativetendencyл弰equilibriumκлелл鲢developmentУл壬л塣л л identity л仯κл仯еез pp5455Щ溺ЩЩкιвò顣·Щ顣Σλ蹵длУphy-logenelicseriesееtheory ofactionνreflexesЩ裬ЩΣЩelementsлЩ棬оУ192845ν仡reflexarc仡мɡ仡дκл屻仡仡У鷴леeye

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