约翰逊4-6-119

In the preface to _Poems by George Monck Berkeley_, it is recorded(p. cccxlviii) that when 'Mr. Berkeley entered at the University ofSt. Andrews [about 1778], one of the college officers called upon himto deposit a crown to pay for the windows he might break. Mr. Berkeleysaid, that as he should reside in his father's house, it was littlelikely he should break any windows, having never, that he remembered,broke one in his life. He was assured that he _would_ do it at St.Andrews. On the rising of the session several of the students said, "Nowfor the windows. Come, it is time to set off, let us sally forth!"Mr. Berkeley, being called upon, enquired what was to be done? Theyreplied, "Why, to break every window in college." "For what reason?""Oh! no reason; but that it has always been done from time immemorial."'The Editor goes on to say that Mr. Berkeley prevailed on them to giveup the practice. How poor some of the students were is shown by thefollowing anecdote, told by the College Porter, who had to collect thecrowns. 'I am just come,' he said, 'from a poor student indeed. I wentfor the window _croon_; he cried, begged, and prayed not to pay it,saying, "he brought but a croon to keep him all the session, and hehad spent sixpence of it; so I have got only four and sixpence."' Hisfather, a labourer, who owned three cows, 'had sold one to dress hisson for the University, and put the lamented croon in his pocket topurchase coals. All the lower students study by fire-light. He hadbrought with him a large tub of oatmeal and a pot of salted butter, onwhich he was to subsist from Oct. 20 until May 20.' Berkeley raised'a very noble subscription' for the poor fellow.In another passage (p. cxcviii) it is recorded that Berkeley 'boasted tohis father, "Well, Sir, idle as you may think me, I never have oncebowed at any Professor's Lecture." An explanation being requested ofthe word _bowing_, it was thus given: "Why, if any poor fellow hasbeen a little idle, and is not prepared to speak when called upon bythe Professor, he gets up and makes a respectful-bow, and sits downagain."' Berkeley was a grandson of Bishop Berkeley._Johnson's unpublished sermons_.(Vol. v, p. 67, n. i.)'JAMES BOSWELL, ESQ., TO JAMES ABERCROMBIE, ESQ., of Philadelphia.'June 11, 1792."I have not yet been able to discover any more of Johnson's sermonsbesides those left for publication by Dr. Taylor. I am informed by theLord Bishop of Salisbury, that he gave an excellent one to a clergyman,who preached and published it in his own name on some public occasion.But the Bishop has not as yet told me the name, and seems unwilling todo it. Yet I flatter myself I shall get at it."'--Nichols's _Literary History_, vii. 315._Tillotson's argument against the doctrine of transubstantiation._(Vol. v, p. 71.)Gibbon, writing of his reconversion from Roman Catholicism toProtestantism in the year 1754, after allowing something to theconversation of his Swiss tutor, says:--'I must observe that it was principally effected by my privatereflections; and I still remember my solitary transport at the discoveryof a philosophical argument against the doctrine of transubstantiation--_that_ the text of scripture which seems to inculcate the real presenceis attested only by a single sense-- our sight; while the real presenceitself is disproved by three of our senses--the sight, the touch, andthe taste.'--_Memoirs of Edward Gibbon_, ed. 1827, i. 67._Jean Pierre de Crousaz_.(Vol. v, p. 80.)Gibbon, describing his education at Lausanne, says:--'The principlesof philosophy were associated with the examples of taste; and by asingular chance the book as well as the man which contributed the mosteffectually to my education has a stronger claim on my gratitude thanon my admiration. M. de Crousaz, the adversary of Bayle and Pope, is notdistinguished by lively fancy or profound reflection; and even in hisown country, at the end of a few years, his name and writings are almostobliterated. But his philosophy had been formed in the school of Locke,his divinity in that of Limborch and Le Clerc; in a long and laboriouslife several generations of pupils were taught to think and even towrite; his lessons rescued the Academy of Lausanne from Calvinisticprejudice; and he had the rare merit of diffusing a more liberal spiritamong the clergy and people of the Pays de Vaud.'--_Memoirs of Edward Gibbon_, ed. 1827, i. 66._The new pavement in London._(Vol. v, p. 84, n. 3.)'By an Act passed in 1766, _For the better cleansing, paving, andenlightning the City of London and Liberties thereof_, &c., powersare granted in pursuance of which the great streets have been pavedwith whyn-quarry stone, or rock-stone, or stone of a flat surface.'--_A Tour through the whole Island of Great Britain_, ed. 1769,vol. ii, p. 121._Boswell's Projected Works._(Vol. v, p. 91, n. 2.)To this list should be added an account of a Tour to the Isle of Man(_ante_, iii. 80)._A cancel in the first edition of Boswell's 'Journal of a Tour to theHebrides_.'(Vol. v, p. 151.)In my note on the suppression of offensive passages in the second editionof Boswell's _Journal of a Tour to the Hebrides_ (_ante_, v. 148), Imention that Rowlandson in one of his _Caricatures_ paints Boswellbegging Sir Alexander Macdonald for mercy, while on the ground liepages 165, 167, torn out. I have discovered, though too late to mentionin the proper place, that in the first edition the leaf containing pages167, 168, was really cancelled. In my own copy I noticed between pages 168and 169 a narrow projecting slip of paper. I found the same in the copyin the British Museum. Mr. Horace Hart, the printer to the University,who has kindly examined my copy, informs me that the leaf was cancelledafter the sheets had been stitched together. It was cut out, but an edgewas left to which the new one was attached by paste. The leaf thustreated begins with the words 'talked with very high respect' (_ante_,v. 149) and ends 'This day was little better than a blank' (_ante_,v. 151). This conclusion was perhaps meant to be significant to theobservant reader._Boswell's conversation with the King about the title proper to begiven to the Young Pretender._(Vol. v, p. 185, n. 4.)Dr. Lort wrote to Bishop Percy on Aug. 15, 1785:--'Boswell's book [_The Tour to the Hebrides_], I suppose, will be outin the winter. The King at his levee talked to him, as was natural, onthis subject. Boswell told his majesty that he had another work on theanvil--a _History of the Rebellion in_ 1745 (_ante_, iii. 162); butthat he was at a loss how to style the principal person who figuredin it. "How would you style him, Mr. Boswell?" "I was thinking, Sire,of calling him the grandson of the unfortunate James the Second." "ThatI have no objection to; my title to the Crown stands on firmer ground--on an Act of Parliament." This is said to be the _substance_ of aconversation which passed at the levee. I wish I was certain of theexact words.'--Nichols's _Literary History_, vii. 472._Shakespeare's popularity_.(Vol. v, p. 244, n. 2.)Gibbon, after describing how he used to attend Voltaire's private theatreat Monrepos in 1757 and 1758, continues:--'The habits of pleasure fortified my taste for the French theatre, andthat taste has perhaps abated my idolatry for the gigantic genius ofShakespeare, which is inculcated from our infancy as the first duty ofan Englishman.'--_Memoirs of Edward Gibbon_, ed. 1837, i. 90._Archibald Campbell_.(Vol. v, p. 357.)Mr. C. E. Doble informs me that in the Bodleian Library 'there is acharacteristic letter of Archibald Campbell in a _Life of FrancisLee_ in Rawlinson, J., 4to. 2. 197; and also a skeleton life of himin Rawlinson, J., 4to. 5. 301.'_Cocoa Tree Club._(Vol. v, p. 386, n. 1.)Gibbon records in his Journal on November 24, 1762, a visit to the CocoaTree Club:--'That respectable body, of which I have the honour of being a member,affords every evening a sight truly English. Twenty or thirty, perhaps,of the first men in the kingdom in point of fashion and fortune, suppingat little tables covered with a napkin, in the middle of a coffee-room,upon a bit of cold meat or a sandwich, and drinking a glass of punch.At present we are full of king's counsellors and lords of the bed-chamber,who, having jumped into the ministry, make a very singular medleyof their old principles and language with their modern ones.'--_Memoirs of Edward Gibbon_, ed. 1827, i. 131._Johnson's use of the word 'big'_.(Vol. v, p. 425.)On volume i, page 471, Johnson says: 'Don't, Sir, accustom yourself touse big words for little matters.'_Atlas, the Duke of Devonshire's race-horse._(Vol. v, p. 429.)Johnson, in his _Diary of a Journey into North Wales_, records onJuly 12, 1774:--'At Chatsworth..., Atlas, fifteen hands inch and half.'Mr. Duppa in a note on this, says: 'A race-horse, which attracted somuch of Dr. Johnson's attention, that he said, "of all the Duke'spossessions I like Atlas best."'Thomas Holcroft, who in childhood wandered far and wide with his father,a pedlar, was at Nottingham during the race-week of the year 1756 or1757, and saw in its youth the horse which Johnson so much admired inits old age. He says: 'The great and glorious part which Nottingham heldin the annals of racing this year, arose from the prize of the King'splate, which was to be contended for by the two horses which everybodyI heard speak considered as undoubtedly the best in England, and perhapsequal to any that had ever been known, Childers alone excepted. Theirnames were Careless and Atlas.....There was a story in circulation thatAtlas, on account of his size and clumsiness, had been banished to thecart-breed; till by some accident, either of playfulness or fright,several of them started together; and his vast advantage in speedhappening to be noticed, he was restored to his blood companions.....Alasfor the men of Nottingham, Careless was conquered. I forget whether itwas at two or three heats, but there was many an empty purse on thatnight, and many a sorrowful heart.'--_Memoirs of Thomas Holcroft_, i. 70.Sir Richard Clough.(Vol. v, p. 436.)There is an interesting note on Sir Richard Clough, the founder of Bachy Graig, in Professor Rhys's edition of Pennant's _Tours in Wales_(vol. ii, p. 137). The Professor writes to me:--'Sir Richard Clough's wealth was so great that it became a saying of thepeople in North Wales that a man who grew very wealthy was or had becomea Clough. This has long been forgotten; but it is still said in Welsh,in North Wales, that a very rich man is a regular _clwch_, which ispronounced with the guttural spirant, which was then (in the 16thcentury) sounded in English, just as the English word _draught_ (ofdrink) is in Welsh _dracht_ pronounced nearly as if it were German.'_Evan Evans._(Vol. v, p. 443.)Evan Evans, who is described as being 'incorrigibly addicted to strongdrink,' was Curate of Llanvair Talyhaern, in Denbighshire, and authorof _Some Specimens of the Poetry of Antient Welsh Bards translated intoEnglish_. London, R. & J. Dodsley, 1764. My friend Mr. Morfill informsme that he remembers to have seen it stated in a manuscript note in abook in the Bodleian, that 'Evan Evans would have written much more ifhe had not been so much given up to the bottle.'Gray thus mentions Evan Evans in a letter to Dr. Wharton, written inJuly, 1760:--'The Welsh Poets are also coming to light. I have seen a discourse inMS. about them (by one Mr. Evans, a clergyman) with specimens of theirwritings. This is in Latin; and though it don't approach the other[Macpherson], there are fine scraps among it.'--_The Works of Thomas Gray_, ed. by the Rev. John Mitford. London,1858, vol. iii, p. 250.INDEX TO THE ADDENDA.ABERCROMBIE, James, lxii, lxvi.ADDENBROKE, Dean, xxxiv.ATLAS, the race-horse, lxix, lxx.BARCLAY'S Answer to Kenrick's Review of Johnson's Shakespeare, xlviii.BARETTI, Joseph, lvii.BASKETT, Mr., xxxii.BATHURST, Dr., Proposal for a _Geographical Dictionary_, xxi.BAXTER, Richard, on toleration, xlix;his doubt, liv;rule of preaching, lx;on the possible salvation of a suicide, lx;on the portion of babies who die unbaptized, lxi.BERKELEY, Dr., xlix.BERKELEY, George Monck, lxv._Big_, lxix.BOSWELL, James, Bishop Percy's Communications, lvii;Johnson in his last illness, and to publish 'praises' of him, lxiii;_Lurgan Clanbrassil_, li;projected works, lxvii;_Remarks on theprofession of a player_, lxi;visit to Rousseau and Voltaire, xlvi.BROWNE, Sir Thomas, lviii.BROWNING, Mr. Robert, lii.BURKE, Edmund, lxii.CAMDEN, Lord, xlix.CAMPBELL, Archibald, lxix.'CAUTION' money, xxxii.CLARENDON, Edward, Earl of, l.CLARENDON PRESS, xxxii.CLOUGH, Sir Richard, lxx.COCOA TREE CLUB, lxix.CROUSAZ, Jean Pierre de, lxvi.DAVENPORT, William, xxxv.DAVIES, Rev. J. Hamilton, xlix, liv, lx, lxi.DODSLEY, Robert, xxvi._Don Belianis_, xli.ENGLAND barren in good historians, xlix.ENGLISH pulpit eloquence, lvii.EVANS, Evan, lxxi.EYRE, Mr., xxxii._Farm and its Inhabitants_, xlii, liii._Felixmarte of Hircania_, xli.FLOYER, Sir John, lxii.FOUNDLING HOSPITAL, l.FRANKING LETTERS, xxxvii.FREDERICK II. OF PRUSSIA, xlvi.FRENCH WRITERS, their superficiality, xlvii.FULLER, Thomas, _Life_, lxiv.GARRICK, David, xli, xlv, lxi.GIBBON, Edward, xlvii, lvii, lxvi, lxviii, lxix.GOUGH, Richard, xxxiv.GRAY, Thomas, lxxi.GREGORY FAMILY, lxiv.HARINGTON'S _Nugae Antiqua_, xxxv.HAZLITT, William, lxi._History of the Marchioness de Pompadour_, xxix.HOLCROFT, Thomas, lxx.HUME, David, xlv.'IT has not wit enough to keep it sweet,' lxiv.JOHNSON, Michael, xl.JOHNSON, Mr., a bookseller, xxix.JOHNSON, Mrs., xliii.JOHNSON, Samuel, advantages of having a profession or business, lviii;advice about studying, xxxii;anonymous publications, xxix;application for the mastership of Solihull School, xliv;citation of living authors in the Dictionary, lviii;critics of three classes, xlv;difference with Baretti, lvii;discussion on baptism with Mr. Lloyd, liii;knowledge of Italian, xliv;Letters to William Strahan:Apology about some work that was passing through the press, xxv;apprenticing a lad to Mr. Strahan, and a presentation to the BlueCoat School, xxxv;Bathurst's projected _Geographical Dictionary_, xxi;cancel in the _Journey to the Western Islands of Scotland_, xxxiii;'copy' and a book by Professor Watson, xxxvii;George Strahan's election to a scholarship, xxx;Miss Williams, taxes due, and a journey, xxvii;printing the _Dictionary_, xxv-xxviii;_Rasselas_, xxviii;Suppressions in _Taxation no Tyranny_, xxxvi;letter to Dr. Taylor, xxxviii;portraits, lxiv;public interest in him, xlviii;romantic virtue, xlviii;transformation of an actor, lxi;trips to the country, lviii; unpublished sermons, lxvi;use of the word _big_, lxix.JONES, Sir William, xxxi.KENRICK, Dr. William xlviii.