Townley, of the Commons,) an ingenious artist, who resided some time atBerlin, and has the honour of being engraver to his Majesty the King ofPrussia. This is one of the finest mezzotintos that ever was executed;and what renders it of extraordinary value, the plate was destroyedafter four or five impressions only were taken off. One of them is inthe possession of Sir William Scott [H-4]. Mr. Townley has lately beenprevailed with to execute and publish another of the same, that it maybe more generally circulated among the admirers of Dr. Johnson.--16. Onelarge, from Sir Joshua's first picture of him, by Heath, for this work,in quarto.--17. One octavo, by Baker, for the octavo edition.--18. Andone for Lavater's _Essay on Physiognomy_, in which Johnson's countenanceis analysed upon the principles of that fanciful writer.--There are alsoseveral seals with his head cut on them, particularly a very fine one bythat eminent artist, Edward Burch, Esq. R.A. in the possession of theyounger Dr. Charles Burney.Let me add, as a proof of the popularity of his character, that thereare copper pieces struck at Birmingham, with his head impressed on them,which pass current as half-pence there, and in the neighbouring parts ofthe country. BOSWELL. [Note: See Appendix H for notes on this footnote.][1278] It is not yet published.--In a letter to me, Mr. Agutter says,'My sermon before the University was more engaged with Dr. Johnson's_moral_ than his _intellectual_ character. It particularly examined hisfear of death, and suggested several reasons for the apprehension of thegood, and the indifference of the infidel in their last hours; this wasillustrated by contrasting the death of Dr. Johnson and Mr. Hume: thetext was Job xxi. 22-26.' BOSWELL. It was preached on July 23, 1786, andnot at Johnson's death. It is entitled _On the Difference between theDeaths of the Righteous and the Wicked. Illustrated in the Instance ofDr. Samuel Johnson and David Hume, Esq._ The text is from Job xxi. 23(not 22)-26. It was published in 1800. Neither Johnson nor Hume ismentioned in the sermon itself by name. Its chief, perhaps its sole,merit is its brevity.[1279] See _ante_, ii. 335, and iii. 375.[1280] 'May 26, 1791. After the Doctor's death, Burke, Sir JoshuaReynolds, and Boswell sent an ambling circular-letter to me beggingsubscriptions for a monument for him. I would not deign to write ananswer; but sent down word by my footman, as I would have done to parishofficers, with a brief, that I would not subscribe.' Horace Walpole's_Letters_, ix. 319. In Malone's correspondence are complaints of thebackwardness of the members of the Literary Club 'to pay the amountsnominally subscribed by them.' Prior's _Goldsmith_, ii. 226.[1281] It was, says Malone, owing to Reynolds that the monument waserected in St. Paul's. In his _Journey to Flanders_he had lamented thatsculpture languished in England, and was almost confined to monuments toeminent men. But even in these it had not fair play, for WestminsterAbbey was so full, that the recent monuments appeared ridiculous beingstuck up in odd holes and corners. On the other hand St. Paul's lookedforlorn and desolate. Here monuments should be erected, under thedirection of the Royal Academy. He took advantage of Johnson's death tomake a beginning with the plan which he had here sketched, and inducedhis friends to give up their intention of setting up the monument in theAbbey. Reynolds's _Works_, ed. 1824, ii. 248. 'He asked Dr. Parr--but invain--to include in the epitaph Johnson's title of Professor of AncientLiterature to the Royal Academy; as it was on this pretext that hepersuaded the Academicians to subscribe a hundred guineas.' Johnstone's_Parr_, iv. 686. See _ante_, ii. 239, where the question was raisedwhose monument should be first erected in St. Paul's, and Johnsonproposed Milton's.[1282] The Reverend Dr. Parr, on being requested to undertake it, thusexpressed himself in a letter to William Seward, Esq.:'I leave this mighty task to some hardier and some abler writer. Thevariety and splendour of Johnson's attainments, the peculiarities of hischaracter, his private virtues, and his literary publications, fill mewith confusion and dismay, when I reflect upon the confined anddifficult species of composition, in which alone they can be expressed,with propriety, upon his monument.'But I understand that this great scholar, and warm admirer of Johnson,has yielded to repeated solicitations, and executed the very difficultundertaking. BOSWELL. Dr. Johnson's Monument, consisting of a colossalfigure leaning against a column, has since the death of our authour beenplaced in St. Paul's Cathedral. The Epitaph was written by the Rev. Dr.Parr, and is as follows:SAMVELI IOHNSONGRAMMATICO ET CRITICOSCRIPTORVM ANGLICORVM LITTERATE PERITOPOETAE LVMINIBVS SENTENTIARVMET PONDERIBVS VERBORVM ADMIRABILIMAGISTRO VIRTVTIS GRAVISSIMOHOMINI OPTIMO ET SINGVLARIS EXEMPLIQVI VIXIT ANN LXXV MENS IL. DIEB XIIIDECESSIT IDIB DECEMBR ANN CHRIST cIo Iocc LXXXIIIISEPVLT IN AED SANCT PETR WESTMONASTERIENSXIII KAL IANVAR ANN CHRIST cIo Iocc LXXXVAMICI ET SODALES LITTERARIIPECVNIA CONLATAH M FACIVND CVRAVER.On a scroll in his hand are the following words:[Greek: ENMAKARESSIPONONANTAXIOSEIHAMOIBH].On one side of the Monument--- FACIEBAT JOHANNES BACON SCVLPTOR ANN.CHRIST. M.DCC.-LXXXXV.The Subscription for this monument, which cost eleven hundred guineas,was begun by the LITERARY CLUB. MALONE. See Appendix I.[1283] '"Laetus sum laudari me," inquit Hector, opinor apud Naevium,"abs te, pater, a laudato viro."' Cicero, _Ep. ad Fam_. xv. 6.[1284] To prevent any misconception on this subject, Mr. Malone, by whomthese lines were obligingly communicated, requests me to add thefollowing remark:--'In justice to the late Mr. Flood, now himself wanting, and highlymeriting, an epitaph from his country, to which his transcendent talentsdid the highest honour, as well as the most important service; it shouldbe observed that these lines were by no means intended as a regularmonumental inscription for Dr. Johnson. Had he undertaken to write anappropriated and discriminative epitaph for that excellent andextraordinary man, those who knew Mr. Flood's vigour of mind, will haveno doubt that he would have produced one worthy of his illustrioussubject. But the fact was merely this: In Dec. 1789, after a largesubscription had been made for Dr. Johnson's monument, to which Mr.Flood liberally contributed, Mr. Malone happened to call on him at hishouse, in Berners-street, and the conversation turning on the proposedmonument, Mr. Malone maintained that the epitaph, by whomsoever itshould be written, ought to be in Latin. Mr. Flood thought differently.The next morning, in the postscript to a note on another subject, hementioned that he continued of the same opinion as on the preceding day,and subjoined the lines above given.' BOSWELL. Cowper also composed anepitaph for Johnson--though not one of much merit. See Southey's_Cowper_, v. 119.[1285] As I do not see any reason to give a different character of myillustrious friend now, from what I formerly gave, the greatest part ofthe sketch of him in my _Journal of a Tour to the Hebrides_, is hereadopted. BOSWELL.[1286] See _ante_, i. 41.[1287] For his fox-hunting see _ante_, i. 446, note I.[1288] _Lucretius_, i. 72.[1289] See ante, i. 406.[1290] 'He was always indulgent to the young, he never attacked theunassuming, nor meant to terrify the diffident.' Mme. D'Arblay's_Diary_ ii. 343.[1291] In the _Olla Podrida_, a collection of Essays published atOxford, there is an admirable paper upon the character of Johnson,written by the Reverend Dr. Home, the last excellent Bishop of Norwich.The following passage is eminently happy: 'To reject wisdom, because theperson of him who communicates it is uncouth, and his manners areinelegant;--what is it, but to throw away a pine-apple, and assign for areason the roughness of its coat?' BOSWELL. The _Olla Podrida_ waspublished in weekly numbers in 1787 8. Boswell's quotation is fromNo. 13.[1292] 'The _English Dictionary_ was written ... amidst inconveniencedistraction, in sickness and in sorrow.' Preface to Johnson's_Dictionary, Works_, v. 51.[1293] 'For unto whomsoever much is given, of him shall be muchrequired.' _Luke_, xii. 48.[1294] 'If in this life only we have hope in Christ, we are of all menmost miserable.' I _Corinthians_, xv. 19.[1295] See ante, ii. 262, note 2.[1296] Though a perfect resemblance of Johnson is not to be found in anyage, parts of his character are admirably expressed by Clarendon indrawing that of Lord Falkland, whom the noble and masterly historiandescribes at his seat near Oxford;--'Such an immenseness of wit, such asolidity of judgement, so infinite a fancy, bound in by a most logicalratiocination.--His acquaintance was cultivated by the most polite andaccurate men, so that his house was an University in less volume,whither they came, not so much for repose as study, and to examine andrefine those grosser propositions, which laziness and consent madecurrent in conversation.'Bayle's account of Menage may also be quoted as exceedingly applicableto the great subject of this work:--'His illustrious friends erected avery glorious monument to him in the collection entitled Menagiana.Those who judge of things aright, will confess that this collection isvery proper to shew the extent of genius and learning which was thecharacter of Menage. And I may be bold to say, that _the excellent workshe published will not distinguish him from other learned men soadvantageously as this_. To publish books of great learning, to makeGreek and Latin verses exceedingly well turned, is not a common talent,I own; neither is it extremely rare, It is incomparably more difficultto find men who can furnish discourse about an infinite number ofthings, and who can diversify them an hundred ways. How many authoursare there, who are admired for their works, on account of the vastlearning that is displayed in them, who are not able to sustain aconversation. Those who know Menage only by his books, might think heresembled those learned men; but if you shew the MENAGIANA, youdistinguish him from them, and make him known by a talent which is givento very few learned men. There it appears that he was a man who spokeoff-hand a thousand good things. His memory extended to what was ancientand modern; to the court and to the city; to the dead and to the livinglanguages; to things serious and things jocose; in a word, to a thousandsorts of subjects. That which appeared a trifle to some readers of the_Menagiana_, who did not consider circumstances, caused admiration inother readers, who minded the difference between what a man speakswithout preparation, and that which he prepares for the press. And,therefore, we cannot sufficiently commend the care which his illustriousfriends took to erect a monument so capable of giving him immortalglory. They were not obliged to rectify what they had heard him say;for, in so doing, they had not been faithful historians of hisconversations.' BOSWELL. Boswell's quotation from Clarendon (ed. 1826,iv. 242) differs somewhat from the original.[1297] See _ante_, ii. 326, and iv. 236.[1298] See _ante_, p. iii.[1299] To this finely-drawn character we may add the noble testimony ofSir Joshua Reynolds:--'His pride had no meanness in it; there wasnothing little or mean about him.' Taylor's _Reynolds_, ii. 457.[1300] In Johnson's character of Boerhaave there is much that appliesequally well to himself. 'Thus died Boerhaave, a man formed by naturefor great designs, and guided by religion in the exertion of hisabilities. He was of a robust and athletick constitution of body, sohardened by early severities and wholesome fatigue that he wasinsensible of any sharpness of air, or inclemency of weather. He wastall, and remarkable for extraordinary strength. There was in his airand motion something rough and artless, but so majestick and great atthe same time, that no man ever looked upon him without veneration, anda kind of tacit submission to the superiority of his genius.... He wasnever soured by calumny and detraction, nor ever thought it necessary toconfute them; "for they are sparks," said he, "which, if you do not blowthem, will go out of themselves."... He was not to be overawed ordepressed by the presence, frowns, or insolence of great men; butpersisted, on all occasions, in the right with a resolution alwayspresent and always calm.... Nor was he unacquainted with the art ofrecommending truth by elegance, and embellishing the philosopher withpolite literature.... He knew the importance of his own writings tomankind, and lest he might by a roughness and barbarity of style, toofrequent among men of great learning, disappoint his own intentions, andmake his labours less useful, he did not neglect the politer arts ofeloquence and poetry. Thus was his learning at once various and exact,profound and agreeable.... He asserted on all occasions the divineauthority and sacred efficacy of the holy Scriptures; and maintainedthat they alone taught the way of salvation, and that they only couldgive peace of mind.' Johnson's _Works_, vi. 288.[1301] Sir Joshua Reynolds, who was born at Plympton.[1302] See _ante,_ iii. 43, note 3.THE END OF THE FOURTH VOLUME.End of Project Gutenberg's Life Of Johnson, Volume 4 (of 6), by Boswell*** END OF THIS PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK LIFE OF JOHNSON, VOLUME 4 (OF 6) ******** This file should be named 10357.txt or 10357.zip *****This and all associated files of various formats will be found in:t/1/0/3/5/10357/Produced by Jonathan Ingram, Charlie Kirschner and the Online DistributedProofreading Team.Updated editions will replace the previous one--the old editionswill be renamed.Creating the works from public domain print editions means that noone owns a United States copyright in these works, so the Foundation(and you!) can copy and distribute it in the United States withoutpermission and without paying copyright royalties. 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