傅雷家书-7

name of, i. 458, n. 3;Moravians, quarrels with the, iii. 122, n. 1;_muddy_, uses the term, ii. 362, n. 3;Nash, silences, iv. 289, n. 1;Newgate prisons in London and Bristol, iii. 431, n. 1;'old woman, an,' iii. 172;Oxford, devotional meetings at, i. 58, n. 3;Paoli's arrival in England, ii. 71, n. 2;plain preaching, i. 459, n. 1;polite audiences, iii. 353, n. 5;politician, a, v. 35, n. 3;prisoners under sentence of death, iii. 121, n. 3; iv. 329, n, 2;almost regrets a reprieve to one, v. 201, n. 2;readings and writings, range of his, iii. 297, n. 1;Robertson's _Charles V_, ii. 236, n. 4;rod, taught to fear the, i. 46, n. 4;Roman Catholics, attacks the, v. 35, n. 3;Rousseau and Voltaire, v. 378, n. 1;Rutty, Dr., iii. 170, n. 4;St. Andrews, students of, v. 63, n. 2;sister, his, Mrs. Hall, iv. 92;slaves, religious education of, ii. 27, n. 1;solitary religion, v. 62, n. 5;tea, against the use of, i. 313, n. 2;travels and sufferings, ii. 123, n. 3; iii. 297, n. 1;University life in England and Scotland, i. 63, n. 1;Warburton, answers, v. 93;witchcraft, believes in, ii. 178, n. 3.WESLEY, Mrs. (mother of Charles and John Wesley), i. 46, n. 4.WEST, Gilbert, in the army, iii. 267, n. 1;translation of Pindar, iv. 28.WEST, Richard, describes Christ Church, Oxford, i. 76, n. 1;lines on his own death, iii. 165, n. 3.WEST, Rev. W., edition of _Rasselas_, i. 340, n. 3.WEST INDIAN ISLANDS in 1779, iii. 408, n. 4;mentioned, ii. 455:see JAMAICA and SLAVES.WESTCOTE, Lord, Johnson and the Thrales visit him, v. 456, n. 1;Lord Lyttelton's vision, iv. 298;portrait at Streatham, iv. 158, n. 1;mentioned, iv. 57, n. 1, 58, n. 3.WESTERN ISLANDS. See under BOSWELL, _Journal of a Tour to theHebrides, Journey to the WesternIslands_, MARTIN, M., and SCOTLAND, Hebrides.WESTMINSTER. See under LONDON.WESTMINSTER, Deanery of, resignation of the, iii. 113, n. 2.WESTMINSTER ABBEY, Chambers's epitaph, i. 219, n. 1;Cibber's, Mrs., grave, v. 126, n, 5;Goldsmith's epitaph, iii. 82;and Johnson at the Poets' Corner, ii. 238;Handel musical meeting, iv. 283;Johnson's grave, iv. 419, 423;Jonson's, Ben, grave, v. 402, n. 5;Macpherson's grave, ii. 298, n. 2;Milton's monument, i. 227, n. 4;Reynolds describes its monuments, iv. 423, n. 2;'walls disgraced with an English inscription,' iii. 85.WESTMORELAND, seventh Earl of,Chancellor of the University of Oxford, i. 348, n. 2;meets the Pretender in London, i. 279, n. 5.WETHERELL, Rev. Dr., Boswell and Johnson visit him, ii. 440;Johnson's letter to him, ii. 424;mentioned, ii. 356; iv. 308.WEY, River, ii. 136, n. 2; iii. 362, n. 5.WHARNCLIFFE, Lord, iii. 399, n. 1.WHARTON, Marquis of, iv. 317, n. 3.WHARTON, Rev. Henry, ii. 242, n. 3.WHEAT, price of, in 1778, iii. 226, n. 2.See CORN.WHEATLEY, near Oxford, iv. 308.WHEATLEY, Mr. H. B., Wraxall's _Memoirs_, ii. 40, n. 4._Wheatly and Bennet on the Common Prayer_, iv. 212, n. 4.WHEELER, Rev. Dr., death, iii. 366, n. 4; iv. 233, n. 3;experience as a country parson, iii. 437;Johnson's liking for his talk, iii. 366, n. 4; 307;letter to him, iii. 366;mentioned, v. 458, n. 1.WHEELER, Mr., of Birmingham, v. 458.WHIGGISM, corrupted since the Revolution, ii. 117;hounds, its, iv. 40, 63;Lyttelton's vulgar Whiggism, ii. 221;no room for it in heaven, v. 385.WHIGS, almsgiving, against, ii. 212;_bottomless_, iv. 223;defined, i. 294, 431, n. 1;devil, the first Whig the, iii. 326; iv. 317, n. 3;every bad man a Whig, v. 271;Fergusson 'a vile Whig,' ii. 170;governed, not willing to be, ii. 314;hall fireplace, moved the, i. 273;humane one, a, v. 357;'is any King a Whig?' iii. 372, n. 3;nation quiet when they governed, iv. 100;parson's gown, in a, v. 255;pretence to honesty ridiculous, v. 339;scoundrel and Whig, ii. 444;Staffordshire Whig, iii. 326;Tories, enmity with, iv. 291;Tories when in place, i. 129;'Whig dogs,' i. 504.WHISTON, John, bookseller, iv. 111.WHISTON, William,Bentley's verses iv. 23, n. 3;'Wicked Will Whiston,' ii. 67, n. 1.WHITAKER, Rev. John, _History of Manchester_, iii. 333.WHITAKER, Rev. Mr., ii. 108, n. 2.WHITBREAD, Samuel, the brewer, iii. 363, n. 5.WHITBREAD, Samuel, M.P., the son, bill for parochial schools,iv. 200, n. 4.WHITBREAD, Miss, iii. 96, n. 1.WHITBY, Daniel, _Commentary_, v. 276.WHITBY, Mr., of Heywood, i. 84, n. 2.WHITE, Rev. Gilbert,hibernation of swallows, ii. 55, n. 2, 248, n. 1;Oriel College common-room, ii. 443, n. 4.WHITE, Rev. Dr., _Bampton Lectures_ of 1784, iv. 443.WHITE, Rev. Dr., of Pennsylvania, ii. 207.WHITE, Rev. Henry, of Lichfield, iv. 372-3.WHITE, Mr., Librarian of the Royal Society, ii. 40, n. 2.WHITE, Mr., a factor, v. 122.WHITE, Mr., tried to be a philosopher, iii. 305, n. 2.WHITE, Mr., v. 427, n. 1.WHITE, Mrs., Johnson's servant, iv. 402, n. 2.WHITEFIELD, Rev. George,Boswell, personally known to, ii. 79, n. 4;Bristol Newgate, forbidden to preach in the, iii. 433, n. 1;Johnson knew him at Oxford, i. 78, n. 2; iii. 409; v. 35;Law's _Serious Call_, reads, i. 68, n. 2;lower classes, of use to the, iii. 409;mixture of politics and ostentation, v. 35;'old woman, an,' iii. 172;oratory for the mob, v. 36;Oxford, persecuted at, i. 68, n. 1;Pembroke College, servitor of, i. 73, n. 4, 75; v. 122, n. 1;popularity owing to peculiarity, ii. 79; iii. 409;preaching described by Southey and Franklin, ii. 79, n. 4; v. 36, n. 1;_sconced_, i. 59, n. 3;_Spiritual Quixote_, ridiculed in the, i. 75, n. 3;Trapp's _Sermons_, attacked in, i. 140, n. 5.WHITEFOORD, Caleb, _Cross-readings_, iv. 322.WHITEHEAD, Paul,Churchill's lines on him, i. 125;Johnson undervalues him, i. 124-5;_Manners_, i. 125; v. 116.WHITEHEAD, William,_Birth-day Odes_, i. 402, n. 1;_Elegy to Lord Villiers_, iv. 115;Garrick's 'reader' of new plays, i. 402, n. 3;proposes him to Goldsmith as arbitrator, iii. 320, n. 2;grand nonsense, i. 402;_Memoirs_ by Mason, i. 31;poet-laureate, i. 185, n. 1.WHITEWAY, Mrs., i. 452, n. 2.WHITING, Mrs., iv. 402, n. 2.'WHO rules o'er freemen,' iv. 312._Whole Duty of Man_,its authorship, ii. 239;Johnson made to read it, i. 67;recommends it, iv. 311._Wholesome_ severities, v. 423.WHOREMONGER, ii. 172.WHYTE, S.,Home's gold medal, ii. 320, n. 2;Johnson's walk, i. 485, n. 1;Sheridan and the Irish Parliament, iii. 377, n. 2;Sheridan's pension, i. 386, n. 1.WICKEDNESS, no abilities required for it, v. 217.WICKHAM, iv. 192.WIDOWS, ii. 77.WIFE,'Artemisias,' ii. 76;buying lace for one, ii. 352;choosing fools for wives, v. 226;death of one, iii. 419;disputes with them, v. 226, n. 1;learned, none the worse for being, ii. 76, 128;negligent of pleasing, ii. 56;Overbury's lines, ii. 76;praise from one, i. 210;religious, should be, ii. 76;singing publicly for hire, ii. 369;story of an unfaithful wife, v. 389;of one who made a secret purse, iv. 319;studious or argumentative, iv. 32;superiority of talents, ii. 56.WIGAN, iii. 135, n. 1.WIGHT, Mr., a Scotch advocate, iii. 212, n. 2.WIGHTMAN, General, v. 140, n. 3.WIGS,bag-wigs now worn by physicians, iii. 288;tye-wigs, ib., n. 4;flowing bob-wig, iii. 325, n. 3;powdered, iii. 254:See under JOHNSON, wigs.WILCOX, the bookseller, i. 102, n. 2._Wildair, Sir Harry_, ii. 465.WILKES, Dr., i. 148.WILKES, Friar, ii. 399.WILKES, John,Alderman, elected, iii. 460;Aylesbury, member for, iii. 73;Beauclerk's library, iv. 105;Boswellapologises for his intimacy with him, iii. 64, n. 3;defends him, v. 339, n. 5;relishes his excellence, in. 64;brings Johnson and him together, iii. 64;proposes a third meeting, iv. 224, n. 2;companion in Italy, ii. 11;dines with him, ii. 378, n. 1, 436, n. 1;enlivened by his sallies, i. 395;receives a letter from 'Lord Mayor Wilkes,' ii. 381, n. 1;writes to him, iv. 224, n. 2;Burke's pun on him, iii. 322; v. 32, n. 3;want of taste, iv. 104;City and Blackfriars Bridge, i. 351, n. 1;City Chamberlain, iv. 101, n. 2;Courts of Justice afraid of him, iii. 46, n. 5;_Dedication of Mortimer,_ i. 353, n. 1;dress, iii. 68; iv. 101, n. 2;English tenacious of forms, iv. 104;_Fall of Mortimer_, iii. 78, n, 4;_False Alarm_, answer to the, iv. 30;Garrick's want of a friend, iii. 386;wit, like Chesterfield's, iii. 69;general warrants, i. 394, n. 1; ii. 72, n. 3, 73;George III praises his good breeding, iii. 68, n. 4;goat, the, not the kid, iv. 107, n. 2;Gordon Riots, iii. 430;'grave, sober, decent,' iii. 77;_Heroic Epistle_, attacked in the, v. 186;Hogarth, caricatured by, v. 186;Horace, a contested passage in, iii. 73;House of Commons afraid of him, iv. 140, n. 1;expunges the resolution for his expulsion, ii. 112:See under MIDDLESEX ELECTION;how to speak at its bar, iii. 224;Inverary, visits, iii. 73;'Jack Ketch,' iii. 66;Johnson's account of 'Jack's' conversation, iii. 183;'animosity' against him, i. 349;attacks him, ii. 135, n. 1; iii. 64; v. 339;attacks, i. 429, n. 1; iii. 64, n. 2;after their reconciliation, in. 79, n. 1;calls on, iv. 107;compared with, iii. 64, 78;_Dictionary_, letter _H_, i. 300, 349, n. 1;meets, at Mr. Dilly's, iii. 64-79, 201; v. 339, n. 5;second meeting, iv. 101-7;invites, to dinner, iv. 224, n. 2;letter to him, iv. 224, n. 2;and Mrs. Macaulay's footman, iii. 78;political definitions, i. 295, n. 1;repartee about a resolution of the House, iv. 104;says that he 'should be well ducked,' i. 394;sends him the Lives, iv. 107;talking of liberty, iii. 224;tete-a-tete with, iv. 107;_Junius_, suspected to be, iii. 376, n. 4;_Letter to Samuel Johnson, LL.D._, iv. 30, n. 3;libel, prosecution for, iii. 78;library, sells his, iv. 105, n. 2;Lord Mayor, iii. 68, n. 4, 459-460;kept from being, v. 339;_Memoirs_ by Almon, i. 349, n. 1;Middlesex election: See under MIDDLESEX ELECTION;Monks of Medmenham Abbey, i. 125, n. 1;_North Briton_, No. 45, i. 394, n. 1; ii. 72, n. 3;Earl of Bute attacked, ii. 300, n. 5;oratory, on, iv. 104;'phoenix of convivial felicity,' iii. 183;physiognomy, ii. 154, n. 1;Pope's repartee, iv. 50;prison, in, ii. 111, n. 2; iii. 46, n. 5, 460;profanity, his, iv. 216;quotation, censures, iv. 102;riots in London in 1768, iii. 46, n. 5;Scotland, raillery at, iii. 73, 77; iv. 101;sentimental anecdote, iv. 347, n. 2;Settle, the City Poet, iii. 75;Shelburne, opposed by, iv. 175, n. 1;Shelburne and Malagrida, iv. 174, n. 5;Sheriff, v. 186, n. 4;Smollett's letter to him, i. 348;'Wilkes and Liberty,' ii. 60, n. 2; v. 312;'Wilkite, no,' iii. 430, n. 4.WILKES, Miss, iv. 224, n. 2.WILKIE, William, D.D., Hume's Scotch Homer, ii. 53, n. 1; iv. 186, n. 2.WILKIN, Simon, editor of Sir Thomas Brown's _Works_, iii. 293, n. 2.WILKINS, Bishop, ii. 256, n. 3.WILKINS, landlord of the Three Crowns, Lichfield, ii. 461, 462; iii. 411.WILKS, the actor,acted Juba in _Cato_, v. 126, n. 2;Addison's loan to Steele, iv. 53;Johnson celebrates his virtues, i. 167, n, 1;manager of Drury Lane Theatre, v. 244, n. 2.WILL, free. See FREE WILL.WILL-MAKING, ii. 261; iv. 402, n. 1.WILLES, Chief Justice,'attached to the Prince of Wales,' i. 147, n. 1;Bet Flint's trial, iv. 103, n. 3;Johnson's schoolfellow, i. 45, n. 4.WILLIAM III,Dodwell, Henry, will not persecute, v. 437, n. 3;Irish, not the lawful sovereign of the, ii. 255;Johnson's_ Dictionary_, in, i. 295, n. 1;resplendent qualities, his, ii. 341, n. 4;Revolution Society, commemorated by the, iv. 40, n. 4;Shebbeare, satirised by, ii. 112, n. 3; iii. 15, n. 3;torture in Scotland, legal in his reign, i. 467, n. 1;'worthless scoundrel,' ii. 341-2;'that scoundrel,' v. 255;mentioned, iv. 342; v. 234.WILLIAMS, Anna,account of her, i. 232; ii. 99; iv. 235, n. i, 239, n. 4;allowance from Mrs. Montagu, iii. 48, n. 1; iv. 65, n. 1;from Lady Philipps, v. 276, n. 2;_Adventurer_, Bathurst's Essays in the, i. 254;benefit at Drury Lane, i. 159 n. 1, 393, n. 1;Bet Flint, did not love, iv. 103, n. 1;Bolt Court, room in, ii. 427, n. 1;Boswells envy of Goldsmith's taking tea with her, i. 421;'a privileged man,' i. 463; ii. 99;and the Jack Wilkes dinner, iii. 67;'loves,' ii. 145;carving, ii. 99, n. 2;conversation, i. 463;death, iv. 65, n. 1, 235;drunkenness, on, ii. 435, n. 7;eating, mode of, iii. 26;electrical experiments, ii. 26, n. 2;Garrick refuses her an order, i. 392;Gordon Riots, left London at the, iii. 435;'hates everybody,' iii. 368;Hetherington's Charity, ii. 286;illness, ii. 412; iii. 93, 95; 123, 128, 132, 211, 215, 363;iv. 142, 170, 233-4;jealousy, iii. 55;Johnson's attention to her, iii. 341;pleasure in her society, i. 232, n. 1; iii. 462;iv. 235, 239, 241, 249, n. 2;takes the sacrament in her room, iv. 235, n. 1, 270;tea with her, i. 421; ii. 99;turns Captain Macheath, iv. 95;Johnson's Court, room in, ii. 5;_Miscellanies_, i. 148, 177, n. 2; ii. 25-6; iii. 104;peevishness, iii. 26, 128, 220;quarrels with the rest of the household, iii. 368, 461;second sight, instance of, ii. 150;tea, mode of making, ii. 99;will, her, iv. 241;mentioned, i. 227, n. 2, 241, 242, 274, 326, 328, 350, n. 3,369, 382; ii. 45, 77, 164, 209, 214, 215, 226, 242, 269, 310, 333,357, 360, 386, 434; iii. 6, 44, 79, 92, 222, 269, 271, 313, 380;iv. 92, 210; v. 98.WILLIAMS, Sir Charles Hanbury,Johnson's pamphlet against him, ii. 33;speaks contemptuously of him, v. 268;lines on Pulteney, v. 268, n. 3.WILLIAMS, Helen Maria, iv. 282.WILLIAMS, Zachariah, i. 274, n. 2, 301.WILLIS, Dr. Thomas, _De Anima Brutorum_, v. 314, n. 1.WILMOT, Chief Justice, i. 45, n. 4._Wilson against Smith and Armour_, ii. 196, n. 1.WILSON, Father, ii. 390.WILSON, Florence, _De tranquillitate animi_, iii. 215.WILSON, Rev. Mr.,dedicates his _Archaeological Dictionary_ to Johnson, iv. 162.WILSON, Thomas, Fellow of Trinity College, Dublin, i. 489.WILTON,Boswell visits it, ii. 326, n. 5, 371;writes to Johnson from it, iii. 118, 122.WILTON, Miss, ii. 274.WILTSHIRE,militia bill of 1756, i. 307, n. 4;mentioned, iv. 237.WINCHESTER,capital convictions in 1784, iv. 328, n. 1;cathedral, iii. 457;Franklin visits it, ii. 60, n. 2;Johnson visits it in 1762, i. 496, n. 2;mentioned, ii. 115.WINCHESTER COLLEGE,Johnson places Burney's son there, iii. 367;Morell visits it, v. 350, n. 1;Peregrine Pickle's governor, v. 185, n. 2.WINDHAM, Right Hon. William,account of him in 1784, iv. 407, n. 2;balloons, love of, iv. 356, n. 1;Burke's merriment, iv. 276;Essex Head Club, member of the, iv. 254, 438;Eumelian Club, member of the, iv. 394, n. 4;Glasgow University, at, iii. 119;Horsley's character, iv. 437;Johnson's advice to him, iv. 200, n. 4;at Ashbourn, visits, iv. 356, 362, n. 2;attends, when dying, iv. 407, 411, 415, n. 1;his servant nurses him, iv. 418, n. 2;bequest to him, iv. 402, n, 2;gift, iv. 440;句话用在人生的实践上去;那未你这朵花一定能开得更美,更丰满,更有力,更长久!谈了一个多月的话,好像只跟你谈了一个开场白。我跟你是永远谈不完的,正如一个人对自己的独白是终身不会完的。你跟我两人的思想和感情,不正是我自己的思想和感情吗?清清楚楚的,我跟你的讨论与争辩,常常就是我跟自己的讨论与争辩。父子之间能有这种境界,也是人生莫大的幸福。除了外界的原因没有能使你把假期过得像个假期以外,连我也给你一些小小的不愉快,破坏了你回家前的对家庭的期望。我心中始终对你抱着歉意。但愿你这次给我的教育(就是说从和你相处而反映出我的缺点)能对我今后发生作用,把我自己继续改造。尽管人生那么无情,我们本人还是应当把自己尽量改好,少给人一些痛苦,多给人一些快乐。说来说去,我仍抱着“宁天下人负我,毋我负天下人”的心愿。我相信你也是这样的。一九五六年十月六日午亲爱的孩子:没想到昨天还能在电话中和你谈几句:千里通话,虽然都是实际事务,也传达了多少情言!只可惜没有能多说几句,电话才挂断,就惶惶然好像遗漏了什么重要的嘱咐。回家谈了一个多月,还没谈得畅快,何况这短短的三分钟呢!你走了,还有尾声。四日上午音协来电话,说有位保加利亚音乐家——在音乐院教歌唱的,听了你的音乐会,想写文章寄回去,要你的材料。我便忙了一个下午,把南斯拉夫及巴黎的评论打了一份,又另外用法文写了一份你简单的学习经过。昨天一整天,加上前天一整晚,写了七千余字,题目叫做《与傅聪谈音乐》,内分三大段:(一)谈技巧,(二)谈学习,(三)谈表达。交给《文汇报》去了。前二段较短,各占二千字,第三段最长,占三千余字。内容也许和你谈的略有出入,但我声明在先,“恐我记忆不真切”。文字用问答体;主要是想把你此次所谈的,自己留一个记录;发表出去对音乐学生和爱好音乐的群众可能也有帮助。等刊出后,我会剪报寄华沙。一九五六年十月十日深夜这两天开始恢复工作;一面也补看文件,读完了刘少奇同志在“八大”的报告,颇有些感想,觉得你跟我有些地方还是不够顾到群众,不会用适当的方法去接近、去启发群众。希望你静下来把这次回来的经过细想一想,可以得出许多有益的结论。尤其是我急躁的脾气,应当作为一面镜子,随时使你警惕。感情问题,务必要自己把握住,要坚定,要从大处远处着眼,要顾全局,不要单纯的逞一时之情,要极冷静,要顾到几个人的幸福,短视的软心往往会对人对己造成长时期的不必要的痛苦!孩子,这些话千万记住。爸爸妈妈最不放心的就是这些。学习方面,我还要重复一遍:重点计划必不可少。平日生活要过得有规律一些,晚上睡觉切勿太迟。一九五六年十月十一日下午谢谢你好意,想送我《苏加诺藏画集》,可是孩子,我在沪也见到了,觉得花一百五十元太不值得。真正的好画,真正的好印刷(一九三○年代只有德、荷、比三国的美术印刷是世界水平;英法的都不行。二次大战以后,一般德国犹太亡命去美,一九四七年时看到的美国名画印刷才像样),你没见过,便以为那画册是好极了。上海旧书店西欧印的好画册也常有,因价贵,都舍不得买。你辛辛苦苦,身体吃了很多亏挣来的钱,我不能让你这样花。所以除了你自己的一部以外,我已写信托马先生退掉一部。省下的钱,慢慢替你买书买谱,用途多得很,不会嫌钱太多的。这几年我版税收入少,要买东西全靠你这次回来挣的一笔款子了。说到骄傲,我细细分析之下,觉得你对人不够圆通固然是一个原因,人家见了你有自卑感也是一个原因;而你有时说话太直更是一个主要原因。例如你初见恩德,听了她弹琴,你说她简直不知所云。这说话方式当然有问题。倘能细细分析她的毛病,而不先用大帽子当头一压,听的人不是更好受些吗?有一夜快十点多了,你还要练琴,她劝你明天再练;你回答说:像你那样,我还会有成绩吗?对付人家的好意,用反批评的办法,自然不行。妈妈要你加衣,要你吃肉,你也常用这一类口吻。你惯了,不觉得;但恩德究不是亲姐妹,便是亲姐妹,有时也吃不消,这些毛病,我自己也常犯,但愿与你共勉之!——从这些小事情上推而广之,你我无意之间伤害人的事一定不大少,也难怪别人都说我们骄傲了。我平心静气思索以后,有此感想,不知你以为如何?人越有名,不骄傲别人也会有骄做之感:这也是常情;故我们自己更要谦和有礼!我也代你买了一份第七集《宋人画册》,《麦积山石窟》,刘开渠编的《中国古代雕塑集》共三种;你在京是否也买了?望速来信,免得那么厚重的图书寄双份给你。一九五六年十一月七日*自你离家后,虽然热闹及冷静的对照剧烈,心里不免有些空虚之感,可是慢慢又习惯了,恢复了过去的宁静平淡的生活。我是欢喜热闹的,有时觉得宁可热闹而忙乱,可不愿冷静而清闲。这里自十一月三日起,南北昆曲大家在长江大戏院作二十天的观摩演出,我们前后已看过四场,第一晚是北方演员演出,最精彩的是《钟馗嫁妹》,是一出喜剧,画面美观而有诗意,爸爸为这出戏已写好了一篇短文章,登出后寄你看。侯永奎的《林冲夜奔》,功夫好到极点,一举一动干净利落,他的声音美而有feeling〔感情〕,而且响亮,这是武生行中难得的。他扮相,做功,身段,无一不美,真是百看不厌。白云生、韩世昌的《游园惊梦》也好,尤其五十九岁的韩世昌,扮杜丽娘,做功细腻,少女怀春的心理描摩得雅而不俗。第二晚看《西游记》里的《胖姑学舌》,也是韩世昌演的,描写乡下姑娘看了唐僧取经前朝廷百官送行的盛况,回家报告给父老听的一段,演得天真活泼,完全是一个活龙活现的乡姑,令人发笑。一个有成就的艺术家,虽是得天独厚,但也是自己苦修苦练,研究出来的。据说他能戏很多,梅兰芳有好几出戏,也是向他学来的。南方的演员,我最欣赏俞振飞,他也是唱做俱全,一股书生气,是别具一格的。其余传字辈的一批演员也不错。总之,看了昆剧对京戏的趣味就少了。还有一件事告诉你,是我非常得意的,我先去看了电影豫剧《花木兰》,是豫剧名演员常香玉主演的,集河南坠子、梆子、民间歌曲等等之大成。常香玉的夭生嗓子大美了,上下高低的range〔音域〕很广,而且会演戏,剧本也编得好,我看了回家,大大称赏;碰巧这几天常香玉的剧团在人民大舞台演出,第一晚无线电有剧场实况播送,给爸爸一听,他也极赞赏她的唱腔。隔一天就约了恩德一起到长宁电影院看《花木兰》电影。你是知道的,爸爸对什么ari〔艺术〕的条件都严格,看了这回电影,居然大为满意,解放以来他第一次进电影院,而看的却是古装的中国电影,那真是不容易的。这个电影唯一的缺点,是拍摄的毛病,光线大暗淡,不够sharp〔清晰〕。恩德请我们在人民大舞台看了一次常香玉的红娘,《拷红》里小丫头的恶作剧,玲珑调皮,表演得淋漓尽致。我跟爸爸说,要是你在上海,一定也给迷住了呢!一九五七年二月二十四日Bronstein〔勃隆斯丹〕一月二十九日来信,说一月十九日直接寄你(由杰老师转的)下列各谱:..都是她托个熟朋友到纽约过假期觅来的,真是得之不易。另外你向马先生借过的那本意大利古曲,也已觅得,她要等Mozart’s 36cadenzas〔莫扎特的36 个华彩乐段〕弄到后一块儿寄。上海这个冬天特别冷,阴历新年又下了大雪,几天不融。我们的猫冻死了,因为没有给它预备一个暖和的窠。它平时特别亲近人,死了叫人痛惜,半个月来我时时刻刻都在想起,可怜的小动物,被我们粗心大意,送了命。我修改巴尔扎克初译稿,改得很苦,比第一遍更费功夫。一九五七年三月十七日夜十一时于北京亲爱的孩子,三月二日接电话,上海市委要我参加中共中央全国宣传工作会议,四日动身,五日晚抵京。六日上午在怀仁堂听毛主席报告的录音,下午开小组,开了两天地方小组,再开专业小组,我参加了文学组。天天讨论,发言,十一日全天大会发言,十二日下午大会发言,从五点起毛主席又亲自来讲一次话,讲到六点五十分。十三日下午陆定一同志又作总结,宣告会议结束。此次会议,是党内会议,党外人一起参加是破天荒第一次。毛主席每天分别召见各专业小组的部分代表谈话,每晚召各小组召集人向他汇报,性质重要可想而知。主要是因为“百家争鸣”不开展,教条主义顽抗,故主席在最高国务会议讲过话,立即由中宣部电召全国各省市委宣传文教领导及党内外高教、科学、文艺、新闻出版的代表人士来京开“全国宣传工作会议”。..我们党外人士大都畅所欲言,毫无顾忌,倒是党内人还有些胆小。大家收获很大,我预备在下一封信内细谈。一九五七年三月十八日深夜于北京亲爱的孩子,昨天寄了一信,附传达报告七页。兹又寄上传达报告四页。还有别的材料,回沪整理后再寄。在京实在抽不出时间来,东奔西跑,即使有车,也很累。这两次的信都硬撑着写的。毛主席的讲话,那种口吻,音调,特别亲切平易,极富于幽默感;而且没有教训口气,速度恰当,间以适当的pause〔停顿〕,笔记无法传达。他的马克思主义是到了化境的,随手拈来,都成妙谛,出之以极自然的态度,无形中渗透听众的心。讲话的逻辑都是隐而不露,真是艺术高手。沪上文艺界半年来有些苦闷,地方领导抓得紧,仿佛一批评机关缺点,便会煽动群众;报纸上越来越强调“肯定”,老谈一套“成绩是主要的,缺点是次要的”等等。(这话并不错,可是老挂在嘴上,就成了八股。)毛主席大概早已嗅到这股味儿,所以从一月十八至二十六日就在全国省市委书记大会上提到百家争鸣问题,二月底的最高国务会议更明确的提出,这次三月十二日对我们的讲话,更为具体,可见他的思考也在逐渐往深处发展。他再三说人民内部矛盾如何处理对党也是一个新问题,需要与党外人士共同研究;党内党外合在一起谈,有好处;今后三五年内,每年要举行一次。他又嘱咐各省市委也要召集党外人士共同商量党内的事。他的胸襟宽大,思想自由,和我们旧知识分子没有分别,加上极灵活的运用辩证法,当然国家大事掌握得好了。毛主席是真正把古今中外的哲理融会贯通了的人。我的感觉是百花齐放、百家争鸣确是数十年的教育事业,我们既要耐性等待,又要友好斗争;自己也要时时刻刻求进步,——所谓自我改造,教条主义官僚主义,我认为主要有下列几个原因:一是阶级斗争太剧烈了,老干部经过了数十年残酷内战与革命,到今日已是中年以上,生理上即已到了衰退阶段;再加多数人身上带着病,精神更不充沛,求知与学习的劲头自然不足了。二是阶级斗争时敌人就在面前,不积极学习战斗就得送命,个人与集体的安全利害紧接在一起;革命成功了,敌人远了,美帝与原子弹等等,近乎抽象的威胁,故不大肯积极学习社会主义建设的门道。三是革命成功,多少给老干部一些自满情绪,自命力劳苦功高,对新事物当然不大愿意屈尊去体会。四是社会发展得快,每天有多少事需要立刻决定,既没有好好学习,只有简单化,以教条主义官僚主义应付。这四点是造成官僚、主观、教条的重要因素。否则,毛主席说过“我们搞阶级斗争,并没先学好一套再来,而是边学边斗争的”;为什么建设社会主义就不能边学边建设呢?反过来,我亲眼见过中级干部从解放军复员而做园艺工作,四年功夫已成了出色的专家。佛子岭水库的总指挥也是复员军人出身,遇到工程师们各执一见,相持下下时,他出来凭马列主义和他专业的学习,下的结论,每次都很正确。可见只要年富力强,只要有自信,有毅力,死不服气的去学技术,外行变为内行也不是太难的。党内要是这样的人再多一些,官僚主义等等自会逐步减少。毛主席的话和这次会议给我的启发很多,下次再和你谈。从马先生处知道你近来情绪不大好,你看了上面这些话,或许会好一些。千万别忘了我们处在大变动时代,我国如此,别国也如此。毛主席只有一个,别国没有,弯路不免多走一些,知识分子不免多一些苦闷,这是势所必然,不足为怪的。苏联的失败经验省了我们许多力气;中欧各国将来也会参照我们的做法慢慢的好转。在一国留学,只能集中精力学其所长;对所在国的情形不要太忧虑,自己更不要因之而沮丧。我常常感到,真正积极、真正热情、肯为社会主义事业努力的朋友大少了,但我还是替他们打气,自己还是努力斗争。到北京来我给楼伯伯、庞伯伯、马先生打气。自己先要锻炼得坚强,才不会被环境中的消极因素往下拖,才有剩余的精力对朋友们喊“加油加油”!你目前的学习环境真是很理想了,尽量钻研吧。室外的低气压,不去管它。你是波兰的朋友,波兰的儿子,但赤手空拳,也不能在他们的建设中帮一手。唯一报答她的办法是好好学习,把波兰老师的本领,把波兰音乐界给你的鼓励与启发带回到祖国来,在中国播一些真正对波兰友好的种子。他们的知识分子徬徨,你可不必徬徨。伟大的毛主席远远的发出万丈光芒,照着你的前路,你得不辜负他老人家的领导才好。我也和马先生庞伯伯细细商量过,假如改往苏联学习,一般文化界的空气也许要健全些,对你有好处;但也有一些教条主义味儿,你下一定吃得消;日子长了,你也要叫苦。他们的音乐界,一般比较属于cold[冷静] 型,什么时候能找到一个老师对你能相忍相让,容许你充分自由发展的,很难有把握。马先生认为苏联的学派与教法与你不大相合。我也同意此点。最后,改往苏联,又得在语言文字方面重起炉灶,而你现在是经不起耽搁的。周扬先生听我说了杰老师的学问,说:“多学几年就多学几年吧。”(几个月前,夏部长有信给我,怕波兰动荡的环境,想让你早些回国。现在他看法又不同了。)你该记得,胜利以前的一年,我在上海集合十二三个朋友(内有宋伯伯、姜椿芳、两个裘伯伯等等),每两周聚会一次,由一个人作一个小小学术讲话;然后吃吃茶点,谈谈时局,交换消息。那个时期是我们最苦闷的时期,但我们并不消沉,而是纠集了一些朋友自己造一个健康的小天地,暂时躲一下。你现在的处境和我们那时大不相同,更无需情绪低落。我的性格的坚韧,还是值得你学习的。我的脆弱是在生活细节方面,可不在大问题上。希望你坚强,想想过去大师们的艰苦奋斗,想想克利斯朵夫那样的人物,想想莫扎特,贝多芬;挺起腰来,不随便受环境影响!别人家的垃圾,何必多看?更不必多烦心。作客应当多注意主人家的美的地方;你该像一只久饥的蜜蜂,尽量吮吸鲜花的甘露,酿成你自己的佳蜜。何况你既要学piano[ 钢琴],又要学理论,又要弄通文字,整天在艺术、学术的空气中,忙还忙不过来,怎会有时间多想邻人的家务事呢?亲爱的孩子,听我的话吧,爸爸的一颗赤诚的心,忙着为周围的几个朋友打气,忙着管闲事,为社会主义事业尽一分极小的力,也忙着为本门的业务加工,但求自己能有寸进;当然更要为你这儿子作园丁与警卫的工作:这是我的责任,也是我的乐趣。多多休息,吃得好,睡得好,练琴时少发泄感情,(谁也不是铁打的!)生活有规律些,自然身体会强壮,精神会饱满,一切会乐观。万一有什么低潮来,想想你的爸爸举着他一双瘦长的手臂远远的在支撑你;更想想有这样坚强的党、政府与毛主席,时时刻刻作出许多伟大的事业,发出许多伟大的言论,无形中但是有效的在鼓励你前进!平衡身心,平衡理智与感情,节制肉欲,节制感情,节制思想,对像你这样的青年是有好处的。修养是整个的,全面的;不仅在于音乐,特别在于做人一一不是狭义的做人,而是包括对世界,对政局的看法与态度。二十世纪的人,生在社会主义国家之内,更需要冷静的理智,唯有经过铁一般的理智控制的感情才是健康的,才能对艺术有真正的贡献。孩子,我千言万语也说不完,我相信你一切都懂,问题只在于实践!我腰痠背疼,两眼昏花,写不下去了。我祝福你,我爱你,希望你强,更强,永远做一个强者,有一颗慈悲的心的强者!一九五七年五月二十五日*亲爱的聪儿:好久没写信给你了,最近数月来,天天忙于看报,简直看不完。爸爸开会回家,还要做传达报告给我听,真兴奋。自上海市宣传会议整风开始,踊跃争鸣,久已搁笔的老作家,胸怀苦闷的专家学者,都纷纷写文章响应,在座谈会上大胆谈矛盾谈缺点,大多数都是从热爱党的观点出发,希望大力改进改善。尤其是以前被整的,更是扬眉吐气,精神百倍。但是除了北京上海争鸣空前外,其他各省领导还不能真正领悟毛主席的精神,还不敢放,争鸣空气沉闷,连文物丰富的浙江杭州也死气沉沉,从报纸驻各地记者的报导上可以看出,一方面怕放了,不可收拾,一方面怕鸣了将来挨整,顾虑重重,弄得束手束脚,毫无生气。这次争鸣,的确问题很多,从各方面揭发的事例,真气人也急人。领导的姑息党员,压制民主,评级评薪的不公平,作风专横,脱离群众等等相当严重,这都是与非党人士筑起高墙鸿沟的原因。现在要人家来拆墙填沟,因为不是一朝一夕来的,所以也只好慢慢来。可是无论哪个机关学校,过去官僚主义、宗派主义、教条主义(这叫三害,现在大叫“除三害”)越严重的,群众意见越多越尖锐,本来压在那里的,现在有机会放了,就有些不可收拾之势,甚至要闹大民主。对于一般假积极分子,逢迎吹拍,离问群众,使领导偏听偏信的,都加以攻击。爸爸写了一篇短文,大快人心。但是我们体会到过去“三反”、“思改”时已经犯了错误,损伤了不少好人,这次不能闹大民主,重蹈覆辙,我们要本着毛主席的精神,要和风细雨,治病救人,明辨是非,从团结——批评——团结的愿望出发,希望不要报复,而是善意的互相批评,改善关系,要同心一致的把社

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